SSH Key分公钥和私钥, 私钥请自己妥善保管, 不要外泄。 另外采用ssh public key authentication是提升服务器安全与快捷措施之一。
以github为例使用ssh-keygen生成相对应的key
# please make sure .ssh folder is exist cd ~/ mkdir .ssh cd /.ssh # use ssh-keygen generate key # if you want sign key name please add -f parameter, default is id_rsa ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "your_email@example.com" Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/git/.ssh/id_rsa): # please input your password for private key, default is empty Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again:
上传公钥到server有很多种方式了, 推荐使用ssh-copy-id
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub git@ip -p xx有可能会遇到一些问题比如说: Permission denied (publickey). 或者bash: ssh-copy-id: command not found
If it's permission problem, please check current user whether has execute privilege to .ssh folder
Else if you use windows command line, maybe you didn't install this tiny script, please execute the below script:
Maybe is works, good luck for you!
GET_ID="cat ${ID_FILE}" { eval "$GET_ID" ; } | ssh ${1%:} "umask 077; test -d .ssh || mkdir .ssh ; cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys" || exit 1
scp ~/.ssh/ ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -p xx user@ip:Attention please :, then login server execute:
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys rm ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
为了保证安全，您应该阻止其他用户添加新的公钥。 将 authorized_keys 的权限设置为对拥有者只读，其他用户没有任何权限：
chmod 400 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
采用公钥登录server后, 最好禁用密码登录.
vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config # set PasswordAuthentication value is no RSAAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys PasswordAuthentication no ChallengeResponseAuthentication no # restart sshd service service sshd restart
$ cat ~/.bash_profile alias ssh vps-gce ='ssh itabas016@xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx'